Christian Sturmbauer Department of Zoology, Uni Graz, A Title The Dynamics of Adaptive Radiation - Lake Tanganyika cichlid fishes as Model for explosive Speciation. Abstract Cichlid fishes of the Great East African Lakes represent textbook models for explosive speciation and adaptive radiation. Their enormously fast speciation rates are believed to be due to their efficient cranial morphology allowing for rapid adaptation to new ecological niches, and due to their brood care system causing sexual selection. Speciation in lakes is driven by extrinsic factors in form of geological processes or lake level fluctuations, and intrinsic biological characteristics of the involved organisms. The species flock of Lake Tanganyika is the most mature community of the East African Lakes allowing for the reconstruction of the entire process of adaptive radiation, from initial to mature stages. In contrast to other lakes, most species are old enough to have completed lineage sorting, so that DNA sequence analysis is an adequate tool to elucidate species phylogenies. Findings about Lake Tanganyika are of relevance to younger radiations, since past stages of Tanganyika can be related to ongoing stages in younger lakes. Several Tanganyikan lineages radiated in parallel and under the influence of the same extrinsic factors. Key feature of the molecular trees is the enormous rapidity of cladogenesis in the initial stage of their radiation, consistent with observations of younger lakes. Success of lineages to diversify seems to be coupled to the invasion of different fundamental niches, and diversification within lineages seems to primarily proceed by niche division, so that more and more sophisticated subdivisions allow for stable coexistence of multiple species. While varying combinations of natural and sexual selection have long been proposed to drive rapid speciation processes in cichlid fishes, their action has so far not clearly been demonstrated in natural populations. It was recently shown that assessing particular morphological traits responsible for ecological specialization in combination with their patterns of inheritance is a promising way to answer the question about natural selection being a major driving factor for ecological divergence and speciation. New data on Tropheus moorii, the Lake Tanganyika model for allopatric speciation, are presented to assess the degrees of freedom of morphological variation under stabilizing selection in a mature species flock. CV Date of birth: December 25, 1960 in Linz, Austria Marital status: married to Margit Sturmbauer (Müllner) since 1984, two daughters Education 1971-1979: High school (Gymnasium der Jesuiten, Aloisianum, in Linz) 1979-1990: Studies at the University of Innsbruck (Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences) 1986: Graduation to "Magister der Naturwissenschaften" (Masters degree) with excellence 1988-1989: "Zivildienst" at the Red Cross Innsbruck (equivalent to military service) 1990: Graduation to "Doktor der Naturwissenschaften" (Ph-D) with excellence Masters Thesis: Die Auswirkungen von Inhibitoren im Weizenkorn auf die Darm-Amylase von Karpfen und Forelle im in-vitro-Experiment (The effects of inhibitor proteins in wheat on the activity of intestinal amylase in carp and trout in in-vitro experiments).Department of Zoology, Section of Ecophysiology, University of Innsbruck. 1984. Ph.D. Thesis: Vergleichende Untersuchungen zur Physiologie und Ethologie herbivorer Fische (Comparative physiology and ethology of herbivorous fishes) Department of Zoology, Section of Ecophysiology, University of Innsbruck. 1990. Habilitation Thesis: Molekulare versus phänotypische Evolution: Ökomorphologische Diversifizierung und Artentstehung. Submitted October 1997 at the Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Innsbruck. Promotion to „Universitätsdozent“ (Associate Professor) in the biological disciplines Zoology and Evolutionary Biology in April 1998. Professional experience 1984-1990: Research assistantships at the Department of Ecophysiology, University of Innsbruck. 1991-1992: Postdoctoral position at the Department of Ecology and Evolution, State University of New York at Stony Brook, U.S.A., at Prof. Axel Meyer. 1992-1993: Postdoctoral position at the Department of Ecology and Evolution, State University of New York at Stony Brook, with Prof. Jeffrey Levinton. 1993-1995: "Vertragsassistent" (Research Assistant Professor) at the Department of Zoology and Limnology, University of Innsbruck. Head of the Molecular Evolutionary Biology Laboratory. 1995-1998: "Universitätsassistent" (Assistant Professor) at the Department of Zoology and Limnology, University of Innsbruck. 1998-2001: "Universitätsdozent“ (Associate Professor, A. Univ. Prof.) at the Department of Zoology and Limnology, University of Innsbruck. 2002-2004: Full Professor for Zoology at the Department of Zoology and Head of the Section Biodiversity and Evolution, Karl-Franzens-University of Graz. 2004 - Head of the Department of Zoology, Karl-Franzens-University of Graz. Selected recent publications Schelly, R., Salzburger, W., Koblmüller, S., Duftner, N. & C. Sturmbauer (2006). Phylogenetic relationships of the lamprologine cichlid genus Lepidiolamprologus (Teleostei: Perciformes) based on mitochondrial and nuclear sequences, suggesting introgressive hybridization. Mol. Phyl. Evol.38: 426-438. Salzburger, W., Niederstätter, H., Brandstätter, A., Berger, B., Parson, W., Snoeks, J. & C. Sturmbauer (2006). Colour-assortative mating among populations of Tropheus moorii, a cichlid fish from Lake Tanganyika, East Africa. Proc. R. Soc. B 273: 257-266. Duftner, N., Sefc, K. M., Koblmüller, S., Nevado, B., Verheyen, E., Phiri, H. & C. Sturmbauer (2006). Distinct population structure in a phenotypically homogeneous rock-dwelling cichlid fish from Lake Tanganyika. Molecular Ecology 15: 2381-2396. Egger, B., Obermüller, B., Phiri, H., Sturmbauer, C. & K. Sefc (2006). Monogamy in the maternally mouthbrooding Lake Tanganyika cichlid fish Tropheus moorii. Proc. R. Soc. B 273: 1797-1802. Sefc, K., Baric, S., Salzburger, W. & C. Sturmbauer (2006). Species-specific population structure in rock-specialized sympatric cichlid species in Lake Tanganyika, East Africa. J. Mol. Evol.: In press. Koblmüller, S., Sefc K. M., Duftner, N., Warum, M. & C. Sturmbauer (2006). Genetic population structure as indirect measure of dispersal ability in a Lake Tanganyika cichlid fish. Genetica 128. Koblmüller, S., Sturmbauer, C., Verheyen, E., Meyer, A. & W. Salzburger (2006). Mitochondrial phylogeny and phylogeography of East African squeaker catfish (Siluriformes: Synodontis). BMC Evolutionary Biology 6: 49. Egger, B., Obermüller, B., Phiri, H., Sturmbauer, C. & K. M. Sefc (2006). Monogamy in the maternally mouthbrooding Lake Tanganyika cichlid fish Tropheus moorii. Proc. R. Soc. B 273: 1797-1802. Koch, M., Koblmüller, S., Sefc, K., Duftner, N. & C. Sturmbauer (2007). Evolutionary history of the endemic Lake Tanganyika cichlid fish Tylochromis polylepis: a recent intruder to a mature adaptive radiation Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research 45: 64-71. Koblmüller, S., Duftner, N., Sefc, K. M., Aibara, M., Stipacek, M., Blanc, M., Egger, B. & C. Sturmbauer (2007). Reticulate phylogeny of gastropod shell breeding cichlids from Lake Tanganyika – the result of repeated introgressive hybridization. BMC Evolutionary Biology 7:7. Sturmbauer, C. (2007). Book review of “Speciation” by Coyne, J. A. & H. A. Orr, Sinauer Associates, Inc. Sunderland, ISBN 0-87893-091. Marine Biology: An Evolutionary Perspective. In press. Koblmüller, S., Egger, B., Sturmbauer, C. & K. M. Sefc (2007). Evolutionary history of scale-eating cichlid fishes. Mol. Phyl. Evol.: in press. Institution address Christian Sturmbauer Department of Zoology Karl-Franzens University of Graz Universitätsplatz 2 A-8010 Graz, Austria Tel. 0316 380-5595 or -8755 FAX 0316 380-9875 christian.sturmbauer@uni-graz.at