Katherine E. Wynne-Edwards Queen's University, Kingston, Canada Title Hormone Dynamic indices as plausible links between behaviour, disease, and the neuroendocrine system Abstract Much of the information carried by a hormone to cells and tissues is encoded in the pattern of change through time. Very little is known about individual differences in hormone variability through time because repeated sampling within an individual, without intervention or manipulation, is a prerequisite for the calculation. If two individuals have the same average hormone concentration but differ in the dynamic index, the cells of one individual could always be in relative equilibrium with the endocrine system whereas the cells in another individual would experience regular halving and doubling of hormone signal and consequent activation of intracellular pathways. In a population of adolescent girls, (the Daughters without Breast Cancer research project) the DI is highly variable across individuals and is not explained by sexual maturation status, but does have associations with lifestyle risks for breast cancer. Preliminary evidence also suggests that the dynamic index varies across individuals in animal populations. The hormone dynamic index is a novel, biologically plausible endocrine variable that might have relevance to behaviour-hormone and behaviour-disease interactions. In addition to describing our current state of understanding, I will be encouraging others to consider exploring the dynamic index with existing datasets.   Biography Academic degrees 1981 BSc (Honours) Biology, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario. Employment Since Graduation 1983 MA Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, N.J. (supervisor: Robert D. Lisk) 1987 PhD Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, N.J. (supervisor: Robert D. Lisk) 1988-90 Research Assistant Professor, Department of Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA 1990-96 Assistant Professor of Biology and Queen's National Scholar, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario 1996-2001 Associate Professor of Biology, Queen?s University, Kingston, Ontario 1997-98 Visiting Fellow, Division of Botany and Zoology, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia 1997-98 Lalor Foundation Postdoctoral Fellow, Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center 2001- Professor of Biology, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario Membership in Professional Societies - American Society of Mammalogists - Animal Behavior Society - Canadian Federation of Biological Sciences - Canadian Society of Zoologists - The Endocrine Society - Society for Behavioral Neuroendocrinology - Society for the Study of Reproduction - Women in Science and Engineering   Selected recent publications Wynne-Edwards, K.E. & R.D. Lisk (1984) Djungarian hamsters fail to conceive in the presence of multiple males. Anim. Behav. 32: 626-629. Wynne-Edwards, K.E. (1987) Evidence for obligate monogamy in the Djungarian hamster, Phodopus campbelli: Pup survival under different parenting conditions. Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. 20:427-437. Wynne-Edwards, K.E. & R.D. Lisk (1987) Behavioral interactions differentiate Djungarian (Phodopus campbelli) and Siberian hamsters (Phodopus sungorus) Can. J. Zool. 65:2229-2236. Wynne-Edwards, K.E. & R.D. Lisk (1987) Male-female interactions across the female estrous cycle: A comparison of two species of dwarf hamster (Phodopus campbelli and Phodopus sungorus) J. Comp. Psychol. 101:335-344. Wynne-Edwards, K.E., U.W. Huck & R.D. Lisk (1987) The influence of pre- and post-copulatory pair contact on reproductive success in the Djungarian hamster. J. Reprod. Fertil. 80:241-249. Wynne-Edwards, K.E., P.F. Terranova & R.D. Lisk (1987) Cyclic Djungarian hamsters, Phodopus campbelli, lack the progesterone surge normally associated with ovulation and behavioral receptivity. Endocrinology 120:1308-1316. Wynne-Edwards, K.E. & R.D. Lisk (1988) Differences in behavioral responses to a competitive mating situation in two species of dwarf hamster (Phodopus campbelli and P. sungorus). J. Comp. Psychol. 102:49-55. Wynne-Edwards, K.E. & R.D. Lisk (1989) Differential effects of paternal presence on pup survival in two species of dwarf hamster (Phodopus sungorus and Phodopus campbelli). Physiol. Behav. 45:49-53. Wynne-Edwards, K.E., A.V. Surov & A.Yu. Telitzina (1992) Field studies of chemical signalling: Direct observations of dwarf hamsters in Soviet Asia. In: Chemical Signals in Vertebrates VI, R.L. Doty and D. Mźller-Schwarze, Eds., Plenum Publishing Corporation, New York, NY. pp 485-491. Erb, G.E., H.E. Edwards, K.L. Jenkins, L.C. Mucklow & K.E. Wynne-Edwards (1993) Induced components in the spontaneous ovulatory cycle of the dwarf hamster, Phodopus campbelli. Physiol. Behav. 54:955-959. Erb, G. E. & K.E. Wynne-Edwards (1993) Pre-implantation endocrinology in the Djungarian hamster (Phodopus campbelli): progesterone, estrogen, corpus luteum and embryonic development. Biol. Reprod. 49:822-830. Scribner, S.J. & K.E. Wynne-Edwards (1994) Disruption of body temperature and behavior rhythms during reproduction in dwarf hamsters (Phodopus). Physiol. Behav. 55:361-369. Scribner, S.J. & K.E. Wynne-Edwards (1994) Thermal constraints on maternal behavior during reproduction in dwarf hamsters (Phodopus). Physiol. Behav. 55: 897-903. Edwards, H.E., K.L. Jenkins, L.C. Mucklow, G.E. Erb & K.E. Wynne-Edwards (1994) Endocrinology of the pregnant Djungarian hamster, Phodopus campbelli. J. Reprod. Fertil. 101: 1-8. Erb, G. E. & K.E. Wynne-Edwards (1994) Prolactin, follicle stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone levels during pre-implantation in the Djungarian hamster (Phodopus campbelli). Biol. Reprod. 50:1328-1333. Edwards, H.E & K.E. Wynne-Edwards (1994) Spontaneous termination of the induced pseudopregnancy in the Djungarian hamster, Phodopus campbelli. Horm. Behav. 28:165-180. Scribner, S.J. & K.E. Wynne-Edwards (1994) Moderate water restriction differentially constrains reproduction in two species of dwarf hamster (Phodopus). Can. J. Zool. 72: 1589-1596. Newkirk, K.D., D.A. Silverman & K.E. Wynne-Edwards (1995) The ontogeny of thermoregulation in the Djungarian hamster, Phodopus campbelli. Physiol. Behav. 57:117-124. Edwards, H.E., C.J. Reburn & K.E. Wynne-Edwards (1995) Daily patterns of pituitary prolactin secretion and their role in regulating maternal serum progesterone concentrations across pregnancy in the Djungarian hamster, Phodopus campbelli. Biol. Reprod. 52:814-823. Roy, B.N. & K.E. Wynne-Edwards (1995) Progesterone, estradiol and prolactin involvement in lactation, including lactation following a post-partum mating, in the Djungarian hamster (Phodopus campbelli). Biol. Reprod. 52:855-863. Wynne-Edwards, K.E. (1995) Biparental care in Djungarian but not Siberian dwarf hamsters. Anim. Behav. 50:1571-1585. Reburn, C.J. & K.E. Wynne-Edwards. (1996) Novel patterns of progesterone and prolactin in plasma during the Djungarian hamster (Phodopus campbelli) estrous cycle as determined by repeated sampling of individual females. Biol. Reprod. 54:819-825. Newkirk, K.D., H.J. McMillan & K.E. Wynne-Edwards. (1997) Length of delay to birth of a second litter in dwarf hamsters (Phodopus): evidence for post-implantation embryonic diapause. J. Exp. Zool. 278: 106-114. Walton, J.M. & K.E. Wynne-Edwards. (1998) Paternal care reduces maternal hyperthermia in Djungarian hamsters (Phodopus campbelli). Physiol. Behav. 63: 41-47. Wynne-Edwards. (1998) Evolution of parental care in Phodopus: Conflict between adaptations for survival and adaptations for rapid reproduction. Am Zool. 38: 238-250. Edwards, H.E., C.J. Tweedie, P.F. Terranova, R.D. Lisk & K.E. Wynne-Edwards. (1998) Reproductive aging in the Djungarian hamster, Phodopus campbelli. Biol. Reprod. 58: 842-848. Newkirk, K.D., B.L.W. Cheung, S.J. Scribner & K.E. Wynne-Edwards. (1998) Earlier thermoregulation and consequences for pup growth in the Siberian versus Djungarian dwarf hamster (Phodopus). Physiol. Behav. 63: 435-443. McMillan, H.J. & K.E. Wynne-Edwards. (1998) Evolutionary change in the endocrinology of behavioral receptivity: divergent roles for progesterone and prolactin within the genus Phodopus. Biol. Reprod. 59:30-38. Stulberg, S.E. & K.E. Wynne-Edwards. (1998) Maternal and pup contributions to different patterns of pup growth in Phodopus species. Physiol. Behav. 64:715-722. Reburn, C.J. & K.E. Wynne-Edwards. (1999) Hormonal changes in males of a naturally biparental and a uniparental mammal. Horm. Behav. 35:163-176. McMillan, H.J. & K.E. Wynne-Edwards. (1999) Divergent reproductive endocrinology of the estrous cycle and pregnancy in dwarf hamsters (Phodopus). Comp. Biochem. Physiol. A 124:53-67. Wynne-Edwards, K.E., A.V. Surov & A.Yu. Telitzina. (1999) Endogenous activity differences within the genus Phodopus. J. Mammal. 80: 855-865. Lank, D.B., M. Coupe & K.E. Wynne-Edwards (1999) Testosterone-induced male traits in female ruffs (Philomachus pugnax): autosomal inheritance and gender differentiation. Proc. Roy. Soc. B 266: 2323-2330 Storey, A.E., C.J. Walsh, R. Quinton & K.E. Wynne-Edwards. (2000) Hormonal correlates of paternal responsiveness in men. Evol. Human Behav. 21: 79-95. Jones, J.S. & K.E. Wynne-Edwards (2000) Paternal hamsters mechanically assist the delivery, consume amniotic fluid and placenta, remove fetal membranes, and provide parental care during the birth process. Horm. Behav. 37: 116-125 (colour plate and cover photo). Reburn, C.J. & K.E. Wynne-Edwards (2000) Cortisol and prolactin concentrations during repeated blood sampling in freely-moving, mouse-sized, mammals. Comp. Med. 50: 184-198. McInroy, J.K.E., D.G. Brousmiche & K.E. Wynne-Edwards (2000) Fathers, fat and maternal energetics in a biparental hamster: paternal presence determines the outcome of a current reproductive effort and adipose tissue limits subsequent reproductive effort. Horm. Behav. 37: 399-409. Wynne-Edwards, K.E. & C.J. Reburn. (2000) Behavioural endocrinology of mammalian fatherhood. Trends Ecol. Evol. 15: 464-468 Wynne-Edwards, K.E. (2001) Evolutionary biology of plant defenses against herbivory and their predictive implications for endocrine disrupter susceptibility in vertebrates. Environ. Health Perspect. 109:443-448. Wynne-Edwards, K.E. (2001) Low testosterone in new fathers: Reply to Place. Trends Ecol. Evol. 16: 76. Jones, J.S. & K.E. Wynne-Edwards (2001) Paternal behaviour in biparental hamsters does not require contact with the pregnant female. Anim. Behav. 62: 453-464. Wynne-Edwards, K.E. (2001) Hormonal changes in mammalian fathers. Horm. Behav. 40:139-145. Berg, S.J. & Wynne-Edwards, K.E. (2001) Changes in testosterone, cortisol, and estradiol levels in men becoming fathers. Mayo Clin. Proc. 76:582-592. Friedenreich, C., L.D. Marrett, Members of the Canadian Breast Cancer Initiative Working Group on the Primary Prevention of Breast Cancer (including K.E. Wynne-Edwards), & an Expert Panel (2001) Workshop report: Identification of research needs in breast cancer etiology. Chronic Diseases in Canada 22: 41-49. Wynne-Edwards, K.E. (2001) Breast cancer etiology and prevention from an evolutionary perspective. Ch 11, in Review of Lifestyle and Environmental Risk Factors for Breast Cancer. Health Canada H39-586/2001E. http://www.breast.cancer.ca or www.hc-sc.gc.ca/hppb/ahi/breastcancer/publications.html Armitage, K.B. & K.E. Wynne-Edwards (2002) Progesterone concentrations in wild-caught yellow-bellied marmots. Holarctic Marmots as a factor of Biodiversity, Rumiantsev V.Yu;, Nikol'skii A.A. & Brandler O.V. eds., Conference on Marmots (Cheboksary, Russia, 25-30 August 1997), Moscow ABF 2002 pp 41-53 [English & Russian]. Lewis, D., D.A. Freeman, J. Dark, K.E. Wynne-Edwards & I. Zucker. (2002) Photoperiodic control of estrous cycles in Syrian hamsters: mediation by the mediobasal hypothalamus. J. Neuroendocr. 14: 294-299 Berg, S.J. & Wynne-Edwards, K.E. (2002) Salivary hormone concentrations in mothers and fathers becoming parents are not correlated. Horm. Behav. 42:424-436. Prendergast, B.J., K.E. Wynne-Edwards, S.M. Yellon & R.J. Nelson. (2002) Photorefractoriness of immune function in Siberian hamsters (Phodopus sungorus). J. Neuroendocr. 14: 318-329. Lewis D, Freeman DA, Dark J, Wynne-Edwards, K.E. & I. Zucker. (2002) Re: Photoperiodic control of estrous cycles in Syrian hamsters: mediation by the mediobasal hypothalamus. J. Neuroendocr. 14: 605. Wynne-Edwards, K.E. (2003) From dwarf hamster to daddy: the intersection of ecology, evolution and physiology that produces paternal behavior. Adv Study Behav..32: 207-261. Schneider, J.S., Stone, M.K., Wynne-Edwards, K.E., Horton, T.H., Lydon, J., O’Malley, B. & J.E. Levine (2003) Progesterone receptors mediate male aggression towards infants. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA 100:2951-2956. Chiu, S.K., Collier, C.P., Clark, A.F, & Wynne-Edwards, K.E. (2003) Salivary cortisol on Roche Elecsys immunoassay system: Pilot biological variation studies. Clin. Biochem . 36: 211-214. Vella, E.T., Evans, C.C.D, Williams, S. & K.E. Wynne-Edwards (2004) Neonatal anesthesia for studies of hamster parental behavior when infanticidal aggression is a possibility. Comp. Med. 54: 202-208. Vella, E.T., Evans, C.C.D, Ng, M.W.S. & K.E. Wynne-Edwards.(2005) Ontogeny of the transition from killer to caregiver in dwarf hamsters (Phodopus) with biparental care. Devel. Psychobiol. In press. Williams, T.D., Ames, C.E., Kiparissis, Y. & K.E. Wynne-Edwards. (2005) Laying-sequence-specific variation in yolk estrogen levels, and relationship with plasma estrogen in female zebra finches (Taeniopygia guttata). Proc. Roy. Soc. London B 272:173-177. Brooks, P.L., Vella, E.T. & K.E. Wynne-Edwards. (2005) Dopamine agonist treatment before the birth reduces prolactin concentration but does not impair paternal responsiveness in Djungarian hamsters, Phodopus campbelli. Horm. Behav. 47: 358-366. Schum J.E. & K. E. Wynne-Edwards. (2005) Estradiol, progesterone and testosterone in paternal and non-paternal hamsters (Phodopus) becoming fathers: conflict with hypothesized roles. Horm. Behav. In press. Ma, E., Lau, J., Grattan, D.R., Lovejoy, D.A. & K.E. Wynne-Edwards. Prolactin receptor mRNA expression in the brain of a biparental and uniparental hamster, Phodopus, before and after the birth. J. Neuroendocr. Published online Feb 9, 2005. Gregg, J. & K.E. Wynne-Edwards. Placentophagia in na•ve adults, new fathers, and new mothers in the biparental dwarf hamster, Phodopus campbelli. Devel. Psychobiol. Conditional acceptance.   Katherine E. Wynne-Edwards Professor of Biology Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada wynneedw@biology.queensu.ca http://biology.queensu.ca/~wynneedw